Thai Airways Flight 261 was scheduled to operate a domestic flight from Bangkok to Surat Thani in southern Thailand. Onboard were 101 individuals, comprising passengers and crew members. As the aircraft neared Surat Thani Airport, it began its descent but faced inclement weather conditions, including low visibility due to rain and heavy cloud cover. Just before landing, the aircraft began to deviate from its intended flight path. The pilot, who was reportedly experienced in navigating the route, may have suffered from spatial disorientation as a result of the challenging flying environment, which led to the plane crashing into a rubber plantation near the airport. Rescue teams quickly mobilized to the crash site, but sadly, no survivors were found among the victims.The crash raised serious concerns regarding pilot training and flight safety protocols at Thai Airways. Investigators from the Thai Civil Aviation Authority, alongside international experts, analyzed the flight data recorder and cockpit voice recorder to piece together the events leading to the disaster. Findings suggested that although the pilot had extensive knowledge of the aircraft and the surrounding area, adverse weather conditions contributed to the loss of situational awareness, which is critical in aviation safety. The incident emphasized the need for stringent adherence to flight safety measures, effective communication within the cockpit, and enhanced training for pilots on handling spatial disorientation.