General Wojciech Jaruzelski declared martial law in Poland following the escalating influence of the Solidarity labor movement, which had gained considerable traction since its inception in 1980. Solidarity, under the leadership of Lech Wałęsa, rallied millions of workers against the communist regime, demanding greater rights and reforms. The growing unrest throughout Poland, characterized by strikes and mass protests, prompted fears within the government of potential civil disorder and intervention from the Soviet Union.

In the early hours of December 13, 1981, military troops took to the streets, and key Solidarity leaders were arrested. The government imposed a curfew, restricted movement, and prohibited public gatherings, effectively silencing dissent. The declaration was accompanied by a media crackdown, which ensured that information regarding the crackdown was controlled tightly. Censorship profoundly affected how Polish citizens received news about the events both within the country and internationally.

The enforcement of martial law led to significant domestic and global repercussions. At home, many civilians faced oppression, and civil rights were severely curtailed. Internationally, the act sparked widespread condemnation from Western nations, leading to sanctions and a reevaluation of diplomatic relations with Poland. Though martial law ended in 1983, the ramifications of Jaruzelski's decision influenced Polish society for years, notably reinforcing Solidarity's resolve and contributing to the eventual collapse of the communist regime in Poland.