The Theresian Military Academy was established in Wiener Neustadt, Austria, under the directives of Empress Maria Theresa, reflecting her commitment to improving the military structure of the Habsburg Monarchy. The foundation of the academy was prompted by the recognition that a competent and well-trained officer class was vital to maintaining the integrity and security of the empire following the challenges faced during the War of Austrian Succession. The goal was to provide a standardized and advanced military education that emphasized both practical training and academic knowledge. Students at the academy were subjected to rigorous training, including strategies and tactics, military history, and leadership skills, cultivating a sense of duty, discipline, and responsibility among future officers.

The location of Wiener Neustadt was strategically chosen due to its historical significance and its proximity to Vienna, allowing easy access for aspiring military leaders. The academy adopted a structured curriculum and adhered to Enlightenment ideals, promoting a civilized approach within the military, modifying the perception and status of military service at the time. Graduates of the Theresian Military Academy quickly rose through the ranks, contributing significantly to various military campaigns across Europe. Over the years, the academy adjusted its educational framework to include modern warfare techniques and strategies, ensuring that it remained relevant in the face of changing military landscapes.

Serving as a model for military academies in Europe, the Theresian Military Academy set a precedent in military education. By combining academic rigor and practical military training, it laid the groundwork for future systems that would influence officer education worldwide, making its contributions enduringly significant. The institution remains operative today and is recognized as one of the oldest military academies globally, serving not only Austria but also wider European military traditions and values.