The Convention against Discrimination in Education was formally adopted during the 14th session of the General Conference of UNESCO held in Paris, France. The primary objective of this convention was to eradicate any form of discrimination in education and to promote the right to education for everyone, especially marginalized groups. The impetus for this significant initiative stemmed from global movements during the mid-20th century that highlighted systemic inequalities affecting access to quality education. Amidst the backdrop of decolonization, civil rights movements, and a burgeoning awareness of human rights issues, UNESCO recognized a pressing need to formalize commitments to educational equity.

Participating member states agreed to ensure that no individual would face discrimination based on race, gender, religion, or political beliefs in educational settings. The convention established a framework for countries to develop national policies that reflect these principles. Importantly, it called for policymakers to safeguard the freedom of education and to foster an environment where everyone could learn without fear of prejudice or exclusion. The framework also encouraged international collaboration to assist countries in implementing these standards effectively.

UNESCO's adoption of this convention marked a notable moment in international education policy, as it entailed a shift towards recognizing education as a fundamental human right. This initiative has continued to resonate, influencing global educational reform agendas and embedding principles of equality into national legislation. The enduring significance of this convention can be observed in contemporary discussions surrounding educational access and inclusivity, making it a cornerstone document in the fight against educational discrimination worldwide.