Protests in Timișoara began as a response to the repressive measures of the Romanian Communist government under Nicolae Ceaușescu. Initially sparked by the attempted eviction of a dissident Hungarian preacher, László Tőkés, on December 15, 1989, tensions quickly escalated as citizens rallied to support him. Thousands of demonstrators gathered in the city, expressing their frustration with the Communist regime, economic hardships, and lack of political freedom. By December 17, the protests intensified, leading to rioters storming the local headquarters of the Romanian Communist Party. They broke into the building and made efforts to set it on fire, symbolizing their anger and desire for change. This action reflected a dramatic turning point in the public's confrontation with the government’s oppressive policies.

The demonstrations in Timișoara represented more than just local discontent; they were emblematic of a nationwide movement that signified the waning support for the Communist regime. As the protests grew in scale, they became coordinated with other cities, leading to widespread unrest across Romania. The events in Timișoara would eventually set into motion a series of actions that would culminate in the fall of Ceaușescu. The brutality with which the government responded to these protests only fueled further outrage amongst the population, ultimately leading to more significant uprisings in the coming days and weeks.