American Airlines Flight 965 was a scheduled passenger flight from Miami, Florida, to Cali, Colombia. The Boeing 757, carrying 155 passengers and 8 crew members, was en route when it faced adverse weather conditions as it neared its destination. The flight encountered difficulties during the approach phase, marked by navigational challenges amidst poor visibility. At approximately 50 km north of Cali, the crew made a decision to execute a return to the holding pattern, but due to miscommunication and lack of proper situational awareness, the aircraft deviated from its intended course. The flight ultimately crashed into the mountainous terrain, resulting in a catastrophic loss of life.The investigation into the crash highlighted several factors contributing to the disaster. It was determined that the pilots misinterpreted their position and failed to receive accurate guidance from air traffic control. Additionally, the cockpit crew's decision-making under stress, compounded by the challenging weather, played a crucial role. The tragic event also underscored the importance of effective communication and procedural adherence in aviation safety. In the aftermath, aviation authorities around the world reviewed and improved existing protocols to prevent similar occurrences in the future.