The Cornwallis Valley Railway was inaugurated to improve connectivity in Nova Scotia, specifically linking the towns of Kentville and Kingsport. This new line ran through the scenic landscape of the Cornwallis Valley, an area rich in agricultural abundance and natural beauty. The establishment of this railway was a direct response to the growing needs of local farmers and industries, ensuring their products could reach broader markets more efficiently. Without this infrastructure, transport largely relied on horse-drawn carts and waterways, which were often slower and less reliable.

The railway’s operations began just before the turn of the century, amidst a broader wave of railway expansion across Canada. The network not only provided a means for transporting goods but also facilitated passenger travel, thereby encouraging tourism in the charming Annapolis Valley region. Key figures in its establishment were instrumental in garnering local support and securing the necessary funding for construction. The railway's opening was marked by celebrations and promises of increased prosperity for the communities along its route.

With its operations starting during a time of significant growth for rail transport, the Cornwallis Valley Railway contributed to the economic landscape of Nova Scotia, serving as a vital link between agricultural areas and key shipping points. The project also showcased the technological advancements of the era, highlighting the increasing mechanization of transportation. Over time, this railway would help shape the dynamics of local commerce and society as it brought about changes in how residents and businesses operated within the region.