Lech Wałęsa, a prominent leader of the Solidarity trade union and a pivotal figure in the opposition to communist rule in Poland, was elected President in a landmark election. His victory represented the culmination of a series of political transformations that began in the early 1980s, following years of social unrest and the push for democratic reforms. Wałęsa triumphed in a runoff against Tadeusz Mazowiecki, securing around 74% of the vote, signaling a clear mandate from the Polish electorate for change. His presidency commenced officially on December 23 and marked a new chapter in Poland's socio-political landscape.

Born on September 29, 1943, in Popowo, Wałęsa emerged as a national leader during the strikes of 1980 at the Gdańsk Shipyard, leading to the formation of the Solidarity trade union. His charisma and commitment to civil rights resonated with a populace yearning for freedom from decades of oppressive governance. The election itself was a complex process, as it was the first direct presidential election in Poland in over 50 years, reflecting the country's shift away from authoritarianism towards democratic governance. Wałęsa's policies emphasized economic reform and national unity, aiming to stabilize Poland during a period of drastic economic change and integration into European structures.