The Cairo Declaration marked a pivotal moment in the Somali Civil War, as Hussein Farrah Aidid, a prominent warlord and faction leader, agreed to relinquish his disputed claim to the presidency of Somalia. Signed in Cairo, Egypt, this declaration was facilitated by various regional and international actors who sought to restore peace and stability in Somalia, which had been embroiled in conflict since the 1991 ousting of President Siad Barre. The continuous fighting among rival factions led to a humanitarian crisis, characterized by extensive displacement, famine, and widespread violence.

The declaration came as part of broader reconciliation efforts, highlighting the collective desire among different Somali factions to end hostilities and engage in constructive dialogue for the first time since the early years of the civil war. The agreement established a framework for negotiating power-sharing and rebuilding the political landscape of Somalia. It also underscored the importance of Egyptian and African Union involvement in mediating the conflict.

While the Cairo Declaration was a step toward stabilization, the implementation of its terms faced significant challenges. Various factions remained distrustful, and the ongoing violence hindered any lasting peace agreement. Nonetheless, the signing was significant as it demonstrated a willingness to pursue a political solution, setting the stage for future negotiations aimed at uniting the fragmented country under a functioning government.