The introduction of Kwanzaa marked a significant milestone in African American cultural history. Developed by Maulana Karenga, then chair of Black Studies at California State University, Long Beach, Kwanzaa was created as an alternative to the predominantly Eurocentric holidays, allowing African Americans to celebrate their heritage and values. The holiday is inspired by African harvest festivals and incorporates cultural traditions from various African societies. The name 'Kwanzaa' is derived from the Swahili phrase 'matunda ya kwanza,' meaning 'first fruits.' It represents a celebration of family, community, and culture, and runs from December 26 through January 1, culminating in a feast called Karamu on the sixth day.

Each day of Kwanzaa is represented by one of the seven guiding principles known as the Nguzo Saba, which include Umoja (Unity), Kujichagulia (Self-Determination), Ujima (Collective Work), Ujamaa (Cooperative Economics), Nia (Purpose), Kuumba (Creativity), and Imani (Faith). The principles foster a sense of community and togetherness among those who observe the celebration. Kwanzaa emphasizes the importance of family and community connections, encouraging participants to engage in communal support and reflection on African cultural contributions.

The first formal Kwanzaa celebration included an array of activities such as storytelling, poetry reading, and traditional African music, setting the stage for future celebrations. The event sought to uplift the African American spirit, instilling pride and a sense of identity during a time of social upheaval in the 1960s, amidst the Civil Rights Movement. As Kwanzaa grew in popularity, it became a significant cultural ritual for countless families across the United States and beyond, celebrated in diverse formats and styles depending on regional customs.