The Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union held a crucial session on December 26, 1991, where it officially voted to dissolve the Soviet Union. This event followed years of political upheaval, economic stagnation, and significant reforms initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev, such as perestroika and glasnost, which aimed to revitalize the Soviet system. However, these reforms often led to unintended consequences, escalating national independence movements within the Union's republics and ultimately culminating in the failed coup attempt in August 1991. This coup attempted to reverse Gorbachev's reforms and restore hardline Communist rule, but instead, it galvanized public support for independence.In the wake of the coup's failure, the momentum for dissolution increased. Republics like Ukraine, Belarus, and the Baltic states had already declared independence, challenging the authority of the central Soviet government. On the final day of existence as a unified state, the Supreme Soviet recognized the reality of independence and voted overwhelmingly to dissolve the Soviet Union. The dissolution resulted in the establishment of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), allowing for political collaboration between the newly independent states while marking a definitive end to the Soviet era.The dissolution of the Soviet Union not only transformed the landscape of Eastern Europe but also had far-reaching implications for global politics, marking a significant turning point in the Cold War. The end of the Soviet Union allowed for the emergence of the Russian Federation and many other sovereign nations, leading to new geopolitical dynamics and a reconfiguration of international relations, especially between the West and Russia.