In the aftermath of World War I, significant changes unfolded across Europe, leading to a resurgence of national movements. One notable development was the aspiration of the Polish people for independence after over a century of partitions and foreign domination. Foremost in the minds of many was the desire to reclaim Greater Poland, where a large Polish population had been under German control since the late 18th century. As Poland regained its sovereignty on the international stage, local leaders in Greater Poland perceived an opportune moment to rise against their oppressors. On December 27, 1918, a decisive call to arms initiated the Great Poland Uprising, catalyzing responses from various factions and citizens determined to engage in resistance against the German authorities.

This uprising was characterized by its rapid mobilization of local forces, made up of mostly volunteers and reservists from the Polish military. They began taking control of key locations in the region, including military installations and railway hubs. The response from the German military forces was initially swift, aiming to quell the revolt promptly. However, the Polish fighters, motivated by a strong sense of nationalism and independence, engaged in a fervent struggle that would last for several months. Throughout the conflict, the Polish forces demonstrated resilience and determination, achieving significant territorial gains, which would later aid Poland in establishing its borders in the intellectual and political landscape following the war.

The battle for Greater Poland not only promoted the consolidation of Polish identity but also served as a rallying point for further nationalistic endeavors throughout the newly re-established state. By the time the uprising concluded in 1919, Polish forces had largely succeeded in achieving control over Greater Poland, which would be officially recognized in the Treaty of Versailles and later solidified the national aspirations of Poland in the interwar period.