On December 28, 2006, a significant military operation unfolded in Somalia, culminating in the capture of Mogadishu by troops from the Transitional Federal Government (TFG) and Ethiopian Armed Forces. The TFG, which had been struggling to establish control over the war-torn nation, found key support in the Ethiopian military. This intervention came as a direct response to the growing power of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU), a group that had gained substantial influence and control over the southern part of Somalia. With the ICU gaining momentum, the TFG sought international aid, resulting in Ethiopia's involvement to counteract what they described as extremist threats.

In a coordinated assault, Ethiopian soldiers, working alongside TFG forces, advanced into Mogadishu and faced minimal opposition. The ICU, which had previously boasted control of the capital, was unable to mount a significant defence, leading to a swift occupation by the TFG-supported forces. The encounter, noted for its lack of substantial combat, signified a crucial turning point in the ongoing civil conflict that had destabilized Somalia for years. Following the capture, Ethiopian troops remained in Mogadishu to help establish a semblance of order and support the TFG against remaining insurgent groups.

This operation not only shifted the balance of power within Somalia but also highlighted Ethiopia's role in the region, as it sought to secure its borders against potential threats from the volatile Islamist factions in neighboring areas. The takeover of Mogadishu was celebrated by many who sought an end to the chaos, but it also exacerbated tensions with the ICU, which subsequently intensified its efforts to resist foreign military presence. The aftermath of the battle set the stage for further conflict, as Somalia continued to grapple with instability and violence in the following years.