The ascension of Alaric II to the throne of the Visigoths marked a significant moment in the late antiquity period. Born into the royal lineage, he inherited the reins of power following the reign of his father, Euric, who had established a robust Visigothic kingdom in Gaul after the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Alaric II's decision to establish the capital at Aire-sur-l'Adour was strategic, as it provided a central location within his domain for administration and military coordination.

Under Alaric II's rule, he faced the challenges of a fragmented Europe where various barbarian tribes were competing for territory and influence. His reign is associated with the continuation of Roman influences in law and administration while balancing the traditional customs of the Visigoth people. Alaric aimed to solidify the Visigothic position in Southern Gaul, a region that was economically vibrant and culturally diverse, offering opportunities for trade and cultural exchange.

As king, Alaric pursued policies to dignify the Visigothic kingdom and foster better relations with the remnants of Roman institutions. His interactions included negotiating with other tribes and possibly addressing the rising power of the Franks to the north. The establishment of Aire-sur-l'Adour as a capital represents not only his rule but also the legacy of the Visigoths as they navigated through the complexities of a post-Roman world during the early sixth century.