Camelot opened at the Majestic Theatre in New York City, captivating audiences with its story of King Arthur, queen Guinevere, and the noble knights of the Round Table. The musical was written by lyricist Alan Jay Lerner and composer Frederick Loewe, who had previously achieved great success with their work in Broadway. Its musical score, combining lush melodies and lyrical beauty, includes iconic songs that would become staples of American musical theatre. The narrative interweaves themes of love, power, and the described magical qualities of the mythical Camelot era, creating a compelling atmosphere that critics and audiences found enchanting.

The premiere was noteworthy not only for its artistic merits but also for its social relevance. The ideals espoused in Camelot resonated deeply with the public during the early years of the John F. Kennedy presidency. As Kennedy's vision of a New Frontier encouraged hope and idealism, Camelot became synonymous with this time of perceived prosperity and change. The production also established a bridge between contemporary issues and historical allegories, enhancing its appeal while prompting discussions about leadership and governance.

The casting of Richard Burton as King Arthur, Julie Andrews as Guinevere, and Robert Goulet as Lancelot contributed significantly to the musical's popularity. Each actor brought unique strengths to their roles, fillng the characters with depth and passion that amplified the performances. The musical was a commercial success, running for over 2,300 performances during its original Broadway run, setting a standard for future productions and establishing Camelot as a cultural phenomenon.