In the early morning hours, a series of mechanical failures and human errors led to the accidental release of approximately 40 tons of methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas from the Union Carbide pesticide plant in Bhopal. The leaked gas spread rapidly through the surrounding urban area, affecting over half a million residents. Symptoms of exposure, such as coughing, choking, and temporary blindness, were reported almost immediately. The response to the leak was hampered by a lack of preparedness and inadequate public information about the dangers of the gas. Emergency services were overwhelmed, and many residents were unaware of the chemical exposure until it was too late.

Efforts to control the leak and treat the affected individuals were chaotic and poorly coordinated, leading to a significant loss of life and long-lasting health problems for survivors. The government of India confronted a massive challenge in managing the aftermath, which included not only providing medical care but also addressing the environmental contamination and economic fallout of the disaster. The long-term consequences of the Bhopal disaster continue to be felt, as survivors struggle with ongoing health issues linked to their exposure to the gas.

In response to the disaster, global attention was drawn to industrial safety regulations and the rights of communities near hazardous sites. Legal battles ensued as survivors and family members sought compensation, raising critical questions about corporate responsibility and regulatory oversight. The Bhopal disaster served as a catalyst for regulatory change and increased scrutiny of the chemical industry worldwide, emphasizing the need for stringent safety measures and disaster preparedness plans.