On December 30, 1958, the Guatemalan Air Force took significant military action by sinking multiple Mexican fishing boats in its territorial waters. The Guatemalan government alleged that these vessels had breached its maritime borders, prompting a quick and decisive military response. This incident not only resulted in the deaths of three Mexican fishermen onboard the boats but also sparked international tension between Guatemala and Mexico, raising concerns regarding cross-border disputes and sovereignty in Central America. Amidst this backdrop, Guatemala sought to assert its maritime rights and enforce its territorial integrity, given the history of fishing conflicts in the region.

The situation escalated rapidly, drawing attention from both governments as well as international observers. The Mexican government condemned the action, emphasizing the loss of life and calling for accountability from the Guatemalan authorities. Diplomatic channels were employed to address the matter, and it soon became a topic of discussion in regional forums concerning maritime laws and boundaries. The incident was a reflection of the fragile relations between the two countries, with underlying economic and territorial disputes exacerbating tensions.

In the days following the sinking, both nations engaged in a diplomatic dialogue aimed at reducing hostilities and finding a resolution to existing maritime disputes. The Guatemalan military’s aggressive approach brought to light the complexities of international maritime law, especially in relation to resource extraction and fishing rights within contested waters.