The Montgomery bus boycott was initiated after the arrest of Rosa Parks, who was jailed for defying the racially discriminatory laws of the time by refusing to vacate her seat for a white individual on a city bus. E. D. Nixon, a prominent African American civil rights leader, played a crucial role in the organization of the boycott, rallying the community to take a stand against systemic racism. On December 5, 1955, just days after Parks' arrest, a meeting was called at the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, where Nixon urged the African American community to boycott the buses and seek alternative transportation methods. The meeting was attended by a young Martin Luther King Jr., who became a key figure in the movement.The boycott was strategically planned, as African Americans constituted a significant portion of the bus ridership in Montgomery. It aimed not only to protest the unjust law but also to bring to light the broader issues of racial inequality faced by the African American community. As the boycott progressed, it garnered national attention and support. Participants organized carpools, used bicycles, and walked long distances to maintain their commitment to the protest. The Montgomery Improvement Association was formed, with King as its president, to coordinate the efforts during the boycott.Over time, the boycott faced numerous challenges, including intimidation, arrests, and violent reprisals from those resistant to change. However, the steadfastness of the African American community's commitment led to a landmark ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court, which declared segregation in public transportation as unconstitutional. The Montgomery bus boycott not only marked a significant victory in the civil rights movement but also laid the groundwork for future protests and movements aiming for equality across the United States.