The severance of diplomatic relations between Pakistan and India occurred during a climactic period of the Bangladesh Liberation War. Pakistan's military operations against Bengali nationalists in East Pakistan had prompted India to provide substantial support to the independence movement. As violence escalated and millions of refugees fled into India, the situation grew increasingly precarious, ultimately pushing both nations toward war. The decision to sever diplomatic ties was announced by Pakistan's foreign policy leaders, signaling a shift towards military engagement. This announcement was not unexpected, given the intense hostilities that had developed in previous months, but it marked a formal escalation of the conflict.

The subsequent military confrontation that unfolded was marked by significant action on both sides, with Pakistan conducting offensive operations into Indian territory. An important aspect of this war was the humanitarian crisis that unfolded, as millions of refugees fled from East Pakistan, dramatically impacting the socio-political landscape of the region. The international community, including the United States and the Soviet Union, played roles in the conflict, each favoring different sides, adding layers of complexity to the unfolding drama.

Ultimately, the conflict culminated in a decisive victory for Indian forces, leading to the creation of Bangladesh as an independent country. The war resulted in significant military and civilian casualties, fundamentally altering regional dynamics and leading to lasting tensions between India and Pakistan. This rapid escalation of conflict from diplomatic severance to full-scale war shaped future interactions and policies between the two nations, establishing a precedent for military engagement in response to perceived existential threats.