Gabriel Narutowicz was elected as the first president of Poland on December 9, 1922. Following World War I, Poland regained its independence in 1918 after over a century of partitions by Prussia, Russia, and Austria. The transitional government established a parliamentary democracy, emphasizing the need for a stable leadership to guide the country through its reconstruction. Narutowicz, a trained engineer and a respected politician, emerged as a candidate during a politically tumultuous period in the newly independent nation. He had previously served in various governmental capacities, including as Minister of Public Works.

The election process took place in the National Assembly in Warsaw, where members voted by secret ballot. Gabriel Narutowicz was endorsed by an unlikely coalition of left-wing and socialist factions, reflecting a complex political landscape in Poland at the time. His election was significant as it symbolized a new beginning for Polish democracy, and he became the first person to hold the presidency in a country that had just regained its statehood. Narutowicz's presidency signified an effort to unify the diverse political spectrum and tackle the pressing economic and social issues that faced Poland.

However, Narutowicz's presidency was challenged by rising nationalist sentiments and political polarization. Just days after his inauguration, he faced violent opposition from nationalist groups, reflecting the tense political climate of the period. His tenure lasted only a few days, concluding with his assassination on December 16, 1922. Despite his short time in office, Narutowicz's election marked a pivotal moment in Polish history and initiated discussions around governance, representation, and national identity in a newly independent Poland.