The Treaty of Paris, signed in 1763, officially ended the French and Indian War, a pivotal conflict in North America primarily fought between Great Britain and France, along with their respective Indigenous allies. The war, which began in 1754 and lasted until 1763, stemmed from territorial disputes and escalating tensions over land and resources in the Ohio River Valley and along the Great Lakes. After a series of battles and a demonstration of military might, Great Britain emerged victorious, significantly expanding its territorial claims in North America.

The treaty marked a significant moment as France ceded Canada and territories east of the Mississippi River to Great Britain, greatly expanding British colonial reach. Spain, which had allied with France, ceded Florida to Britain but gained control of the vast Louisiana territory, which France had relinquished earlier. The implications of the treaty were far-reaching: it not only altered the map of North America but also created new tensions within the British Empire as the cost of war led to increased taxation in the colonies, contributing to unrest that would eventually lead to the American Revolution.

Moreover, this shift in power initiated a new era of British dominance in the region, which would influence the geopolitical dynamics between European powers and their colonies. The treaty's signatories included key figures such as British Prime Minister Lord Bute and French foreign minister the Comte de Vergennes, whose negotiations reflected the intricate diplomatic relationships and rivalries of the time.