The Federation of Arab Emirates of the South was created on November 2, 1959, under the auspices of the United Kingdom as a protectorate. This new political entity comprised several smaller emirates in the southern Arabian Peninsula, including Abu Dhabi, Dubai, and Sharjah among others. The federation arose in a context where British interests were concerned with maintaining stability in a region rife with growing nationalism and decolonization movements following World War II. The British sought to present a unified front against these movements and increase the security of their strategic and economic interests, especially in oil production.The federation was designed to bring together the individual emirates under a centralized authority, enhancing governance and providing a collective response to internal and external challenges. The British administration played a significant role in shaping the political structure of the federation, promoting collaboration between the emirates while still maintaining their overarching influence. This move was part of a wider trend seen across the Arabian Peninsula, where various regions were re-evaluating their political identities and relationships, both internally and globally.Despite the establishment of the federation, it was not without its challenges. In the years following its creation, issues such as tribal rivalries and the struggle for independence ultimately led to changes in the political dynamics of the region. In 1971, following negotiations with the United Kingdom and shifts in British foreign policy, the Federation of Arab Emirates transitioned into the United Arab Emirates (UAE), marking a significant pivot in the geopolitical landscape of the Middle East.