The resignation of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak marked a pivotal moment in the Arab Spring, a series of protests across the Arab world pushing for political reform and social justice. Beginning on January 25, 2011, Egyptians took to the streets of Cairo, demanding the end of Mubarak's nearly three-decade-long regime characterized by state of emergency laws, censorship, and political repression. Tahrir Square became the epicenter of these protests, symbolizing the people's demand for change. The movement was fueled by frustration over corruption, unemployment, and police brutality. As demonstrations grew in size and intensity, clashes with security forces escalated, resulting in significant casualties.Amid increasing unrest and pressure from various factions, including international observers, the Egyptian military declared its neutrality in the matter on February 1, indicating it would not suppress the protests. This pivotal moment left Mubarak increasingly isolated. After a critical speech on February 10, in which he vowed to remain in power until the next election, the outcry intensified. On February 11, following intense pressure, including the military’s ultimatum, Mubarak stepped down and handed over power to the Supreme Military Council. The transitional leadership promised to oversee reforms and a democratic process, although it faced skepticism from many protesters who remained in Tahrir Square, demanding full accountability and democracy.