The Southern Cross expedition, led by Norwegian explorer Carsten Borchgrevink, set out in 1898 with the primary goal of undertaking scientific research and exploration in Antarctica. After preparing for the arduous journey, which involved months of planning and consideration of the brutal polar conditions, Borchgrevink and his crew departed for the Antarctic from Europe on a ship named the Southern Cross. The expedition endured harsh weather, navigating treacherous ice and strong winds across the Southern Ocean. Their perseverance paid off when they reached a landmark achievement in early 1900 by landing at the Great Ice Barrier, an expansive sheet of ice that forms an entry point to the Antarctic continent. Upon landing, Borchgrevink and his team planted their flag at 78° 50'S, establishing a new record for the Farthest South attained by explorers at that time. Their arrival marked a historical moment, as it opened new avenues for understanding the geographical and climatic phenomena of the Antarctic regions. The expedition also set the stage for subsequent explorations that further unravelled the mysteries of this remote continent.