Tartu Peace Treaty Signed Between Estonia and Russia
February 2nd, 1920
February 2nd, 1920

How Long Ago?
105 years, 1 month, 13 days ago
Location
Tartu, Estonia
Category
Politics & Government
War/Conflict
Estonian War of Independence
People
- Vladimir Lenin
- Jaan Tõnisson
Links & References
Tags
Tartu Peace Treaty Signed Between Estonia and Russia
The Tartu Peace Treaty was signed to conclude hostilities between Estonia and Soviet Russia, affirming Estonia's independence. Signed in Tartu, it marked a significant step in establishing peace and recognition of national sovereignty. The treaty formalized borders and addressed war reparations, reflecting the larger post-World War I landscape in Eastern Europe.
Recognized Estonia's independence from Russia.
Signed after the Estonian War of Independence.
Established borders and trade relations.
Set a precedent for Eastern European states.
What Happened?
The Tartu Peace Treaty was an agreement signed in the city of Tartu to formally end hostilities between Estonia and Soviet Russia following the Estonian War of Independence. This conflict began as Estonia sought to assert its independence following the Russian Revolution and the ensuing chaos. The treaty, negotiated primarily between Estonian leaders and representatives of Soviet Russia, included key stipulations regarding borders, trade, and military engagements.One of the treaty's most significant outcomes was the recognition of Estonia as an independent state by Soviet Russia, which was crucial during a period of instability in Eastern Europe after World War I. The terms established a border between the two nations and outlined provisions regarding the withdrawal of Russian troops and the fate of war reparations. The signing of the treaty took place on February 2, 1920, in Tartu, a city that had become a symbol of Estonian national aspirations. The Tartu Peace Treaty not only solidified Estonia's independence but also set a precedent for other nations emerging from the disintegrated Russian Empire. The document became a hallmark of Estonian statehood, symbolizing both the struggle for autonomy and the importance of international recognition in the post-war order. Despite subsequent political upheavals, the treaty has remained a critical part of Estonia's historical narrative.
Why Does it Matter?
The Tartu Peace Treaty is significant as it marked the international recognition of Estonia's sovereignty and established a framework for future diplomatic relations. This event is interesting because it highlights the broader trends of nation-building and self-determination in Eastern Europe, particularly in the wake of the collapse of empires after World War I. The treaty's stability would be challenged in later years, but its principles laid the groundwork for Estonia's political identity.
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