The capture of Eniwetok Atoll was a significant military operation during World War II, reflecting the increasing intensity of the conflict in the Pacific Theatre. Following the successful invasion of Tarawa in late 1943, the U.S. military sought to establish additional forward bases to support its island-hopping strategy against Japan. Eniwetok, comprising several islands and reefs, was strategically important due to its location in the Marshall Islands, serving as a potential launching point for airstrikes and naval operations in the region.

Operation Catchpole commenced with thorough preparation, including extensive aerial bombardments on February 17, 1944, targeting Japanese defensive positions. U.S. forces, composed mainly of Marines, landed on the atoll on February 20 after overcoming fierce resistance from Japanese troops who were heavily entrenched. Following three days of intense fighting, U.S. forces secured control over Eniwetok, marking a pivotal moment in the campaign for the Pacific.

The victory at Eniwetok Atoll allowed the United States to establish a critical base for subsequent offensives, including the bombardment of the Japanese mainland. It also contributed to the overall strategy of isolating and defeating Japanese forces in the Pacific, leading to further successes in the following months.