Antonio Tejero's Attempted Coup in Spain

February 23rd, 1981

February 23rd, 1981

Antonio Tejero's Attempted Coup in Spain
How Long Ago?

44 years, 20 days ago

Location

Madrid, Spain

Category

Politics & Government

People
  • Antonio Tejero
  • Adolfo Suárez
  • Juan Carlos I
Links & References
Tags

Antonio Tejero's Attempted Coup in Spain

Antonio Tejero, a lieutenant colonel of the Civil Guard, led an armed coup by storming the Spanish Congress of Deputies in Madrid. On that day, Tejero and a group of armed soldiers took control of the building during a parliamentary session, holding lawmakers hostage, including Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez. The coup was a response to political instability in Spain during the transition to democracy following Franco's dictatorship. Tejero's actions were intended to undermine the democratic process and return Spain to authoritarian rule, but the attempt ultimately failed.

Tejero stormed Congress with armed soldiers.

The coup aimed to reverse Spain's democracy.

King Juan Carlos I opposed the coup publicly.

The coup attempt lasted only 18 hours.

What Happened?

In a marked moment of tension in Spanish politics, Antonio Tejero led an armed incursion into the Congress of Deputies in Madrid, aiming to destabilize the fledgling democracy in Spain. The coup attempt occurred during a session where lawmakers were discussing an important defense budget. With a group of around 200 Civil Guard officers, Tejero stormed the building, brandishing firearms, and declared that the army had taken control of the government. The dramatic scenes unfolded live on television, capturing the nation’s attention as they watched their representatives being held hostage. Among those present was Prime Minister Adolfo Suárez, who would ultimately demonstrate remarkable composure during the critical hours that followed. The coup was an expression of the conservative military factions that remained disillusioned with the transition to democracy after the end of Francisco Franco's rule. Several senior military leaders supported Tejero’s actions, believing that the country needed a return to more authoritarian governance to maintain order. However, the coup faced immediate resistance, particularly from the King of Spain, Juan Carlos I, who took a decisive stand against the insurrection, appearing on television to denounce it and express his support for constitutional legitimacy. His intervention was pivotal in rallying public and military resistance against the coup, leading to its failure within hours.Despite the initial chaos and fear, the failed coup attempt reinforced Spain's commitment to democracy and initiated a shift in the political landscape. It solidified the role of the monarchy in a democratic society, as King Juan Carlos emerged as a symbol of stability and modern governance. The event highlighted the struggles Spain faced in its transition from dictatorship to democracy, as many factions grappled with the new political order. In the aftermath, Spain moved forward with democratic reforms and further distanced itself from its authoritarian past.

Why Does it Matter?

The attempted coup led by Antonio Tejero became a defining moment in Spain's political landscape, cementing support for democratic governance in the country. The crisis demonstrated the fragility of the newly established democracy and raised awareness about the persistent influence of military factions in political affairs. The King's intervention and the ultimate failure of the coup reassured citizens and political leaders alike, reinforcing commitments to constitutional democracy and contributing to the stability of the fledgling Spanish democracy.

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