The Khojaly Massacre occurred during a turbulent period marked by the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, which spanned from 1988 to 1994. On February 26, 1992, Armenian armed forces targeted the Azerbaijani town of Khojaly while attempting to cut off a retreat of civilians and military personnel in the area. Leading up to this confrontation, Khojaly had been a strategic location due to its proximity to the city of Stepanakert, the capital of Nagorno-Karabakh. Residents were fearful and many attempted to flee to safety, but faced immense challenges in doing so.

As the assault unfolded, reports indicate that numerous civilians were shot point-blank, and several were taken hostage. Eyewitness accounts describe scenes of chaos and panic as families sought refuge in the woods surrounding the town. The estimated casualties stood at several hundred, making it one of the most devastating attacks against civilians during this conflict. The events of that night have had lasting repercussions on Azerbaijan's memory and national identity, perpetuating a sense of grievance that influences relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan to this day.

The Khojaly Massacre also drew international attention, prompting discussions about human rights violations in conflict zones. Various reports have been released, often highlighting the impact of the conflict on civilian populations and the need for accountability. Despite different narratives surrounding the event, it remains a crucial point in understanding the complexities of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and the challenges both nations face in reconciling their past.