Following the conclusion of the American Revolutionary War, Spain officially recognized the newly formed United States of America through diplomatic channels. This occurred after the signing of the Treaty of Paris, which took place in September 1783, marking the final recognition of American independence from British rule. Don Diego de Gardoqui, the Spanish Minister plenipotentiary, represented Spain in formal negotiations, establishing a framework for diplomatic relations between the two countries. The recognition symbolized Spain's support during the American Revolution, as Spanish territories had provided vital assistance in the form of supplies and troops against British forces.

Spain's initial recognition laid the groundwork for a complex diplomatic relationship that would develop over the subsequent years. Spanish leaders, while supportive of the American cause against Britain, were also cautious, given their extensive colonial interests in the Americas. They sought to ensure that the U.S. would not threaten their territories, particularly in Florida and the Southwest. As a result, early communications and treaties often focused on navigating mutual interests and addressing territorial concerns.

The establishment of relations contributed significantly to the geopolitical landscape of the late 18th century, leading to alliances that would influence future conflicts and negotiations in the Americas. Furthermore, the partnership paved the way for increased Spanish investments in the U.S. and ultimately contributed to the shaping of economic ties that continue today. Moreover, these diplomatic gestures demonstrated to other nations the viability of the young republic and its place in global politics.