Kam Air Flight 904 was a domestic passenger flight operated by Kam Air, Afghanistan's first private airline, which took off from Kabul and was destined for Kandahar. On February 3, 2005, the aircraft, a Boeing 737, encountered severe weather conditions as it traversed the rugged terrain of the Pamir Mountains. As it approached its destination, the flight crashed into the high-altitude landscape, leading to the unfortunate loss of all 105 passengers and crew members aboard. The recovery operations were significantly hampered by the location's remote nature and harsh weather, delaying the retrieval of bodies and aircraft debris for several days.

The investigation into the crash highlighted concerns about the safety standards of civil aviation in Afghanistan, especially following years of conflict that had weakened the country's infrastructure. The lack of adequate navigation systems and meteorological data made flying in the mountainous region particularly hazardous. Reports indicated that the flight crew may not have properly assessed the weather conditions before departure, which further compounded safety issues faced by civil aviation in the area.

The event underscored the urgent need for improved aviation regulations and better training for pilots within Afghanistan's burgeoning airline industry, which was still growing after decades of instability. This event also captured international attention, prompting discussions on aviation safety protocols in countries with challenging geographical landscapes and conflicted histories.