The earthquake that struck the Ionian coast of Sicily was one of the most catastrophic natural disasters to impact the region in the Middle Ages. With Catania at its epicenter, the quake unleashed a devastating force that devastated the urban landscape. Historical accounts indicate that buildings, both residential and public, crumbled under the tremors, leading to significant loss of life and widespread injuries. Estimates suggest that tens of thousands of residents were affected, with thousands killed and many left homeless. The infrastructure of Catania, which had already been influenced by prior volcanic activity from Mount Etna, was ill-prepared for such a geological upheaval. In the immediate aftermath, relief efforts were hampered by the scale of destruction and the ongoing risk of aftershocks. In addition to the human cost, the earthquake had profound socio-economic implications for the city and surrounding areas. The destruction of homes, churches, and commerce interrupted daily life and led to a moment of economic downturn in the region. The event forced local authorities and the monarch to rethink urban development and emergency response strategies in relation to seismic threats. Many townspeople faced the loss of livelihoods as they struggled to rebuild their communities in the face of such disaster. Moreover, the earthquake prompted discussions among scholars and builders regarding construction techniques, which were later adapted to minimize damage from future seismic activity.Such a powerful earthquake contributed both to a historical record of seismic activity in the Mediterranean region and to a collective memory of vulnerability among those who experienced the disaster. It reshaped the communal resilience and responses to subsequent earthquakes, making the lessons learned from this event essential for future disaster management planning.