In the early 20th century, the demand for new materials was growing rapidly as industries sought alternatives to natural resources that were both costly and limited. Leo Baekeland, a chemist born in Belgium who later moved to the United States, sought to develop a synthetic alternative that would be both durable and versatile. His experimental efforts culminated in the creation of Bakelite, a thermosetting plastic made from phenol and formaldehyde, which he patented in 1907. Unlike earlier plastics, Bakelite could be molded into complex shapes and would not melt when heated, making it a revolutionary material for a variety of applications.

Baekeland initially named his invention Polyoxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride, but the name Bakelite soon became synonymous with innovation. The first commercial production of this new material occurred shortly after its announcement, and its use quickly expanded into sectors such as electrical engineering, automotive manufacturing, and home goods due to its insulating properties and aesthetic appeal. Bakelite was also pivotal in the development of consumer products, from radios to jewelry, influencing styles and design trends.

Furthermore, Bakelite’s introduction marked the beginning of the plastics industry and significantly changed manufacturing processes. It paved the way for the development of later synthetic polymers and a broader range of plastics that would dominate the 20th century. As the world shifted towards an increasingly consumer-oriented society, Bakelite played a critical role in shaping the products that defined modern life.