The Siege of Ladysmith was a key campaign during the Second Boer War, which began in October 1899. British forces, based in the town of Ladysmith in Natal Colony, were encircled by a sizable Boer contingent. The siege caused a significant strain on the British soldiers and civilians within the town, leading to shortages of food and supplies. The British military leadership, eager to relieve the garrison, organized multiple attempts to break the siege. The third failed assault on February 7, 1900, saw General Sir George White leading approximately 20,000 soldiers against well-prepared Boer forces. The Boers, under leaders such as General Louis Botha and General Piet Joubert, utilized effective defensive positions and maximized their advantages in terrain and marksmanship.

British forces launched an initial frontal attack, which resulted in heavy casualties due to the accurate Boer gunfire. The plan's complexity, along with miscommunications among the British commanders, compounded the challenges faced on the battlefield. The engagement highlighted the contrast in warfare tactics between the British, who were accustomed to set-piece battles, and the more mobile and adaptive strategies employed by the Boers.

Ultimately, the failed relief led to a prolonged siege, demoralizing British troops and impacting public opinion back home. Reports of the high number of losses filtered through to Britain, causing outrage and leading to calls for an evaluation of military strategies. The fall of Ladysmith would not occur until May, further emphasizing the resilience of Boer forces during this conflict.