In the context of the Spanish Civil War, Republican factions sought to fortify their governance structures and enhance organizational efficiency on the front lines. The Interprovincial Council of Santander, Palencia, and Burgos was established to integrate administrative efforts across these key provinces in Cantabria. This initiative was a direct response to the growing military challenges posed by Franco's Nationalist forces, which were increasingly gaining ground in various regions of Spain. By unifying the government efforts across these provinces, the Republican leadership aimed to consolidate resources, improve communication, and effectively coordinate military resistance against their opponents.

The council was pivotal for local governance, providing a framework through which civic authorities could address pressing issues such as defense logistics, civil services, and economic management amidst war. The creation of such councils reflected an innovative approach by the Republicans, emphasizing local autonomy while striving for a cohesive strategy in the provinces. Additionally, it illustrated the commitment of the Republican leaders to engage local communities in the broader national struggle, thereby fostering a sense of collective purpose against the Nationalist advance.

Moreover, this establishment coincided with critical battles and shifting alliances throughout the war. The Interprovincial Council served not only as a management system but also as a symbol of the Republican cause's resilience in times of adversity. The establishment and operation of the council became a crucial element of sustenance for the Republican war effort, aiming to bolster local populations and maintain morale in the face of an ongoing civil conflict. As military and political dynamics evolved, the council's activities paved the way for increased cooperative efforts among the various factions aligned with the Republican side.