The Battle of Laon took place during the crucial phase of the War of the Sixth Coalition, which had seen various European powers unite against Napoleon Bonaparte. By this time in 1814, Napoleon had already been forced to retreat from his campaigns in Russia and was defending his remaining territories against the advancing coalition forces. Laon, with its strategic location, became a key battleground as coalition forces sought to push deeper into French territory. The coalition army, comprising mainly Prussians and Russians, launched their attack with the objective of capturing Laon and breaking the morale of the French army.

The battle commenced in earnest on March 9, with the French forces initially aiming to defend their positions. Napoleon, known for his strategic prowess, attempted to rally his troops and use his superior knowledge of the terrain to outmaneuver the coalition forces. However, the size and coordination of the opposing forces overwhelmed his defenses, ultimately leading to a withdrawal. Over the next few days, the combat at Laon intensified, with heavy fighting marking each day. By the evening of March 10, the coalition forces had achieved a decisive victory, forcing Napoleon to retreat further.

The defeat at Laon significantly weakened Napoleon’s position in France. The loss further demoralized his troops and legitimized the coalition's advances. As Laon fell to the coalition, the French defenses weakened, paving the way for allied forces to march towards Paris. This battle marked a turning point in the Napoleonic Wars, as it heralded the end of Napoleon's rule in France and the eventual restoration of the Bourbon monarchy.