The Anschluss was the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany, which occurred following a series of events that emphasized German nationalist sentiments within Austria. In the years leading up to this momentous occurrence, Austria faced internal political instability, economic strife, and increasing pressures from Nazi propaganda that fostered a sentiment among many Austrians for unification with Germany. The Austrian government, including Chancellor Kurt Schuschnigg, attempted to resist these pressures but ultimately found its authority eroded by the growing Nazi influence.

On March 12, armed German troops entered Austria without facing significant opposition. This militarized occupation was largely welcomed by sections of the Austrian populace who had long felt a connection to the German state. An immediate result of the occupation was the integration of Austrian armed forces into German military formations, effectively nullifying Austria's sovereignty. Following the occupation, a referendum was held in April, which was heavily manipulated, leading to widespread claims that over 99% of voters supported the Anschluss.

The Anschluss not only solidified Hitler's power but also set a troubling precedent in Europe regarding territorial expansions and national autonomy. The surrounding nations were caught off guard, reflecting a failure of the policy of appeasement that would later embolden similar actions throughout the continent.