The regency of Empress Theodora, widow of Emperor Theophilos, came to a dramatic end when her son, Michael III, matched with the support of the Byzantine nobility, took control of the government. After Theophilos's death in 842, the young Michael was only two years old, leading to Theodora stepping into a role of governance during this regency. Despite her intentions to maintain stability and uphold her husband's policies, Theodora's rule faced increasing discontent among the aristocracy, who viewed her decisions as centralizing power and undermining the traditional influence of noble families.

On the 15th of March, 856, the combination of youthful ambition and a faction within the Byzantine elite resulted in Michael convening his supporters and challenging his mother’s authority. The nobles quickly aligned with him, recognizing an opportunity not just to elevate a young ruler but also to regain influence that they felt had been eroded under Theodora's administration. The power shift was a pivotal moment, as Michael's ascendance to sole rule marked the beginning of a new phase for the Byzantine Empire, characterized by a younger, more dynamic leadership.

As Michael III began to rule, he implemented changes that would reflect a focus on increased political involvement and military reforms. However, this also came with challenges, including future tensions with both his mother and various factions within the empire who still held residual loyalty to Theodora. Ultimately, Michael’s reign would be marked by both notable progress and significant strife, illustrating the complexities of Byzantine politics at the time and the prominent role of familial ties in political power plays.