The rebellion in Milan marked a significant moment during the European revolutions of 1848, a year characterized by widespread unrest and calls for national self-determination and liberal reforms. In the context of increasing frustration with Austrian control over various Italian states, Milanese citizens felt particularly empowered by the revolutionary atmosphere spreading through Europe. The initial uprisings began in early March, driven by political discontent and aspirations for national unity, as various factions pushed for a more representative governance system and a unified Italy.

As tensions escalated, a series of street battles erupted on March 18, when Milanese insurgents took to the streets, confronting the Austrian troops led by Marshal Joseph Radetzky. The conflict saw passionate engagement from a diverse populace, including students, workers, and ex-soldiers, who fought fiercely despite being heavily outnumbered. The fighting was intense, with barricades erected throughout the city and the insurgents demonstrating remarkable organization and determination. The five-day confrontation culminated in a significant victory for the rebels, as Radetzky's forces, unable to maintain control under relentless pressure, eventually withdrew from Milan.

This victory had a ripple effect across the Italian peninsula, inspiring uprisings in other cities and further stoking nationalist sentiments among Italians who sought liberation from foreign rule. The Milan uprising served not only as a symbol of Milanese resolve but also as an early catalyst for the Risorgimento, the movement that ultimately led to the unification of Italy. Though the immediate aftermath saw Austria temporarily reasserting control, the spirit of rebellion ignited in Milan would not be easily extinguished, influencing subsequent movements for freedom throughout Europe.