The Upper Silesia plebiscite was held in the wake of World War I as part of the decisions mandated by the Versailles Treaty. The treaty aimed to settle borders and enhance national sovereignty, especially for newly formed nation-states. Upper Silesia was rich in coal and other natural resources, making it a point of contention between Weimar Germany and Poland. The plebiscite took place on March 20, 1921, and addressed the wishes of the local population regarding whether they preferred to be part of Germany or Poland. Leading up to the vote, both sides initiated extensive campaigns involving rallies, pamphlets, and demonstrations to win over the hearts and minds of the residents.Polling stations were set up throughout the region, where approximately 1.2 million voters participated. The results indicated a strong division, with many areas favoring Germany while others leaned towards Poland. As part of the plebiscite agreement, there were provisions for post-plebiscite adjustments, including possible interventions by the League of Nations to oversee the stability of the region following the vote. Ultimately, armed clashes ensued even before the official results were published, highlighting the deep-seated ethnic and national tensions in the region. The results and subsequent actions would significantly shape the borders and relationships between the neighboring nations.