The Battle of Phu Lam Tao occurred during the Sino-French War, a conflict primarily over France's colonial expansion in Southeast Asia, particularly in Vietnam. On this occasion, Chinese forces encountered French troops near Hưng Hóa. The tensions between the two nations stemmed from France seeking to assert control over Tonkin, leading to military confrontations. In the context of this battle, the Chinese troops executed strategic maneuvers to counter the advancing French forces. Their resilience and strong defensive positions contributed to the successful repulsion of the French military, securing a momentary advantage for the Qing dynasty in the face of foreign pressure.

Significant figures in the battle included Chinese General Liu Gung, who commanded the local forces, demonstrating effective leadership and the ability to inspire his troops. Meanwhile, French Commander Henri Riviere, despite his tactical experience, faced unexpected challenges from the well-coordinated Chinese units. The outcome of Phu Lam Tao was a boost to the morale of Chinese soldiers and their supporters, demonstrating that they could resist foreign colonization efforts. This victory, albeit temporary, symbolized the complexity of the colonial struggles in that era.

The battle's aftermath saw French forces reassessing their strategies in Vietnam, while the Chinese government used the victory as a rallying point for national pride. It highlighted the Qing dynasty's military capabilities during a time when internal strife and external pressures were threatening its dominance. The battle also provided insight into the evolving dynamics of European imperialism and the local resistance that shapes the historical narrative of Vietnam and its subsequent fight for sovereignty.