Following the abdication of Ulrika Eleonora, Count Frederick of Hesse-Kassel was elected as the new King of Sweden by the Riksdag of the Estates. Ulrika Eleonora's decision to step down was largely influenced by the political environment and her desire to secure a peaceful transition in governance. The election of Frederick represented a significant moment in Swedish history, as it brought forth new leadership at a time when Sweden was navigating internal challenges and external conflicts.

The Riksdag of the Estates, consisting of representatives from Swedish nobility, clergy, burghers, and peasants, played a crucial role in this transition. Their decision signified not only a shift in personnel but also a reconfiguration of political alliances and strategies in Sweden. Frederick's election was seen as a potential stabilizing force, intended to strengthen the monarchy and the centralized political power of the state. Moreover, it reflected the evolving nature of Swedish royal succession during a time when monarchy and parliamentary influence were negotiating the terms of governance.

Frederick of Hesse-Kassel’s rule would be characterized by efforts to modernize Sweden and address its political and economic issues. His election initiated a new chapter for the Swedish monarchy, impacting future royal elections and the role of the Riksdag in Swedish politics. The political dynamics established during this period would resonate throughout Sweden's subsequent history, influencing future leaders and governance structures.