The Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty was a landmark agreement reached between Egyptian President Anwar al-Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, facilitated by U.S. President Jimmy Carter. The formal signing took place in the East Room of the White House, with both leaders emphasizing their commitment to achieving peace following years of conflict, including several wars that had erupted between their countries. The treaty was the culmination of extensive negotiations held at Camp David, Maryland, where the leaders discussed the framework for peace and territorial negotiations over 13 days in September of the prior year.

The treaty mandated that Israel withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula, which it had captured during the 1967 Six-Day War, and in return, Egypt would recognize Israel's sovereignty and enter into diplomatic relations. This was groundbreaking, as it made Egypt the first Arab country to formally recognize Israel, paving the way for future peace agreements in the region. The United States would provide Egypt with significant military and economic aid as part of the deal, which also included provisions for the safety and security of both nations.

The signing ceremony was attended by numerous dignitaries and was broadcasted worldwide, showcasing the potential for peace in the Middle East. Both Sadat and Begin received the Nobel Peace Prize the following year for their efforts, and the agreement was viewed as a vital step toward stability in a region long marked by conflict. However, it also sparked controversy and dissent within various factions in both nations, notably leading to Sadat's assassination in 1981 as backlash against the treaty and peace with Israel intensified in the Arab world.