The Battle of Glorieta Pass took place in March 1862 and was a significant engagement during the American Civil War. Occurring in the rugged terrain of northern New Mexico, this battle represented a crucial moment for both Union and Confederate strategies as they sought control over the Southwest. The Confederacy aimed to extend its reach into the New Mexico Territory, which was believed to be rich in resources and vital for supply routes. The Union forces, composed primarily of Colorado Volunteers, were commanded by Colonel John P. Slough, who recognized the importance of stopping the Confederate advance. The Confederate troops, led by Colonel William Steele, sought to capitalize on their strategic advantage to establish a foothold in the region.

The fighting began on March 26, as both sides maneuvered in challenging terrain. Initial skirmishes demonstrated the bravery and tenacity of the troops engaged, but it was the Union forces’ strategic use of the region's landscape that ultimately proved decisive. After engaging in a fierce battle, the turning point occurred when Union cavalry flanked the Confederate troops, leading to a retreat by Steele’s forces. The result at Glorieta Pass was seen not just as a military victory but as a significant blow to Confederate ambitions in the West.

In the wake of the battle, the Union forces successfully defended the New Mexico Territory, maintaining control over this key area. The outcome bolstered Union morale and showcased the effectiveness of Colorado Volunteer troops in combat, paving the way for further military actions in the region. The battle underscored the strategic importance of the Southwestern territories during the Civil War and demonstrated the determination of Union forces to thwart Confederate encroachment.