In the late 17th century, the Dominican Order sought to expand its reach into rural areas of the Philippines, particularly in northern Luzon. Although unofficial initiatives had begun by 1678, the formal establishment of the Dominican mission in Ilagan marked a significant shift in the Church’s efforts to exert influence in these areas. By officially establishing the mission, the Dominicans aimed to serve the spiritual needs of the local population, providing education, health care, and spiritual guidance. The mission was not merely a religious endeavor; it was also a strategic move to integrate these regions more closely into the Spanish colonial framework, thereby fostering obedience and loyalty among indigenous populations.The founding of the Dominican mission in Ilagan also coincided with broader colonial policies aimed at establishing control and promoting economic development in the Philippines. The friars took on multiple roles, serving as educators, health care providers, and mediators between Spanish authorities and local communities. Through their work, they not only spread Christianity but also introduced agricultural techniques and new crops, thereby enhancing local economies. This multifaceted approach helped to solidify the mission's place in the socio-economic fabric of the region, positioning Ilagan as a node of colonial administration and religious activity. As missionary work progressed, the Dominicans faced challenges, including resistance from local communities and the logistical difficulties of spreading their message in often rugged terrain. Despite this, the mission thrived, leading to the establishment of schools and churches that would last for generations. Over time, the influence of the Dominican mission in Ilagan extended beyond religion, shaping social structures and local identities through education and community programs.