Pope Leo XIII issued a decree that marked the reestablishment of the Catholic Church's hierarchical structure in Scotland, which had been dormant since the early 17th century following the Protestant Reformation. The Pope created several new dioceses and appointed bishops, a move that was particularly significant in enhancing the pastoral care of Catholics throughout Scotland. This decision reflected a broader strategy of the Vatican to restore Catholicism in regions where it had suffered decline and to provide governance in a church that had faced challenges due to the Protestant dominance.

The creation of the new sees included the dioceses of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, and others, effectively restoring the organizational framework necessary for a functioning Catholic Church. Bishops such as William Turner for Glasgow and John Strain for Edinburgh were appointed, symbolizing a new era of Catholic leadership. The focus was on invigorating the Catholic community, which had struggled for recognition and support in a predominantly Protestant society. By reestablishing the hierarchy, Pope Leo XIII intended not only to meet the spiritual needs of Catholics but also to foster a sense of identity and unity among them.

This restoration coincided with significant social changes in Scotland, including industrialization and increased immigration. It provided an essential support structure for the growing number of Catholics and helped to integrate them better into the broader Scottish society. The establishment of bishops and parishes enhanced the Catholic presence and aimed to reassert Catholic values in a space where they had been marginalized for centuries. This strategic revival was not merely ecclesiastical but also reflected the Vatican's commitment to engage with modern societal dynamics.