The ZX81 home computer was launched by Sinclair Research in 1981, designed by Sir Clive Sinclair. This groundbreaking device provided a compact and affordable solution for personal computing needs, priced at under £100. The ZX81 featured a simple, yet effective design, incorporating a membrane keyboard and a compact casing that would fit into the average home environment of the era. The computer ran on a custom version of the BASIC programming language, enabling a generation of hobbyists to learn programming and develop software applications at a time when microcomputers were still a novelty.

The ZX81's launch was monumental, attracting attention from both the consumer market and the media. It became known for its stylish, minimalist look and was heavily advertised, emphasizing its affordability and capability. Users were able to attach peripherals, like printers and external storage options, further enhancing its appeal. The ZX81 generated enthusiasm for computing in Britain and encouraged many to explore programming and computer games, leading to a burgeoning software industry.

Within a few years after its launch, the ZX81 sold over 1.5 million units worldwide, solidifying Sinclair’s position as a pioneer in the home computer market. It catalyzed a shift in how computers were perceived, transitioning from business tools to household items and personal commodities. The success of the ZX81 also sparked competition among home computer manufacturers, fueling innovation and leading to the eventual rise of more sophisticated devices in the years that followed.