The Arya Samaj was founded by Swami Dayananda Saraswati in Mumbai to instigate a radical transformation within Hindu society and to promote social reform based on the teachings of the Vedas. As an educator and philosopher, Dayananda recognized the pervasive social issues, including caste discrimination and the subjugation of women, that were holding back the potential of Indian society. The establishment of Arya Samaj was marked by its strong emphasis on the revival of Vedic knowledge and principles, promoting a return to the moral and spiritual values embedded in Hindu scriptures.

The organization called for significant changes such as the elevation of women's status through education, the abolition of practices like child marriage, and the eradication of prevalent superstitions. Dayananda Saraswati's charismatic leadership attracted a wide range of followers, who were drawn not only by his vision for a progressive society but also by his oratorical skills and clear articulation of reform goals. Through public lectures, publications, and grassroots activism, Arya Samaj made significant inroads into the social fabric of India, encouraging people to embrace rationalism and humanitarian values that were rooted in their cultural heritage.

With its base in Mumbai, Arya Samaj grew rapidly in influence, marking the beginning of a series of movements aimed at social justice and equality in India. The organization encouraged inter-caste marriages, promoted education for all, and emphasized the importance of community service activities. These initiatives helped instill a sense of social responsibility among its members and inspired future generations of reformers to continue the fight against social evils. The legacy of Arya Samaj would resonate throughout India's struggle for independence and the eventual reshaping of its societal norms.