In Athens, representatives from the European Union and ten candidate countries gathered to sign the Treaty of Accession, marking a pivotal moment in European integration. The ten countries admitted were Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia. This event was the culmination of a lengthy accession process for these nations, which had been keen to join the EU following the political changes of the early 1990s. After decades under communist regimes, these countries sought to integrate into the EU not only for economic benefits but also for political stability and security in a post-Cold War Europe.

The signing ceremony took place during a grand event at the Zappeion Hall, highlighting the historic nature of the occasion, attended by the heads of government and EU officials. The Treaty of Accession outlined the obligations and benefits of EU membership, focusing on the importance of democratic governance, the rule of law, and the market economy. The event signified a broader vision of a united Europe, reflecting the EU's goal to expand its democratic values and promote peace and stability across the continent. This enlargement was seen as a landmark achievement for the EU, aiming to boost economic growth and create a larger single market.

The inclusion of these ten nations sought not only to enhance the EU’s economic landscape but also to promote a sense of collective European identity. With diverse cultural, social, and historical backgrounds, the new members brought fresh dynamics into EU discussions, reshaping policies and initiatives aimed at addressing common challenges in the face of globalization and regional differences. The accession paved the way for future expansions and the ongoing evolution of the EU as an influential actor on the global stage.