The decision for the German Bundestag to return to Berlin was rooted in the nation's reunification process that had taken place in 1990, following the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. Initially, Bonn served as the capital of West Germany during the Cold War, but with the unity of East and West, there was a strong push for the parliament to establish itself in Berlin. The move was officially approved in 1991, but it took several years for the necessary preparations and renovations to be completed at the historic Reichstag building, which had been a symbol of the German empire and later, a site of significant political events.

On April 19, 1999, the Bundestag held its first session in Berlin, where politicians gathered in the newly refurbished chamber, featuring a modern glass dome that allowed visibility of the sky above, symbolizing transparency in government. The session was attended by dignitaries and included ceremonial speeches highlighting the importance of the move not just for political reasons, but as a major step in the cultural and social unity of the country. This momentous occasion was met with enthusiasm as members recognized the importance of Berlin in Germany's history and future.

The relocation of the Bundestag had a wide-reaching impact on the city of Berlin and the country as a whole. It transformed the political landscape, encouraging investments and infrastructural development within the capital. Moreover, it established a renewed sense of national identity centered around Berlin, impacting how citizens and the international community viewed Germany as a whole.