With the backdrop of post-World War I turmoil and shifting powers in the region, the Autonomous Government of Khorasan emerged as an innovative response to both foreign influence and internal instability in Iran. Following the end of the Qajar dynasty and the establishment of the Pahlavi dynasty, local leaders in Khorasan, primarily motivated by a desire for autonomy, governance, and addressing local grievances, began to form this military government. The establishment was primarily driven by the socio-political environment that saw challenges from war-torn European nations and neighboring influences, particularly the Russian and British powers.

A noteworthy aspect of this government was its dual military and administrative structure aimed at defending the interests of the local populace while exerting some degree of autonomy from the more centralized power in Tehran. This type of governance illustrated the localized responses amongst various provinces in Iran during this convoluted period. The establishment of the Autonomous Government allowed local leaders and community groups to engage in self-governance, focusing on local issues, security, trade, and administration.

Ultimately, this movement was both a reflection of and a reaction to the larger socio-political upheavals that were reshaping Iran and the broader region in the early 20th century. The Khorasan government would not last indefinitely, as the central Iranian authorities eventually sought to consolidate power throughout the nation. However, it remains a fascinating case study in provincial autonomy and local governance during a transformative period in Iranian history.